Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda earlier title), NaOH, is among the strongest base. It is hygroscopic

Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda earlier title), NaOH, is among the strongest base. It is hygroscopic, under normal conditions, a white solid, leptajúca skin, with a melting point of 319 C and a density of 2.13 g / cm third In aqueous solution behaves as a strong base. Sodium hydroxide is widely bucket list used in the chemical industry, mainly as a base for the manufacture of Cellulose and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents. Global production in 1998 was about 45 million tons. Sodium hydroxide is also the most common base in chemical laboratories and tends to be used even in homes as a dry cleaning prostriedok.Hydroxid sodium has completely ionic character, consists of sodium cations and hydroxide anions. Hydroxide anion is responsible for its strong basic properties. Neutralization with acid, water is formed and the corresponding salts, eg. with hydrochloric acid react to form sodium bucket list chloride (NaCl). Potassium hydroxide bucket list (or potassium hydroxide solution) is a white crystalline, strongly basic substance. Potassium hydroxide is one of the strong alkali (like the hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, its aqueous solutions and react with the glass. Also reacts with moisture and carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate, therefore, kept in closed nádobách.Teplota point: 380 C, density of 2.12 g.cm -3. In water, dissolves very well in the current and the generated heat is also soluble in ethanol. calcium hydroxide or hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 is a light, white shapeless powder or a white crystalline solid, which is almost bucket list insoluble bucket list in water solubility with increasing temperature bucket list decreases more. aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide is called bucket list milk of lime. calcium hydroxide is one of the strong bases. At 512 C, decomposes to calcium oxide and water. reacted in solution with acids to form calcium salts and in the air reacts with carbon dioxide to form carbonate vápenattého. is produced by reaction of quicklime with water or by reaction of calcium with water. Calcium hydroxide is used in the building industry in the manufacture bucket list of mortar. Sodium hydroxide comprises calcium hydroxide lime sulphate, which is used in submarines and kozmickýchlodiach removal of exhaled carbon dioxide. Ammonia is a binary compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH third Under normal temperature and pressure it is toxic, corrosive, colorless gas with a characteristic pungent, sharp, strong pungent odor. Ammonia molecule is strongly polar and dissolves in water, the dissociation of water molecules to form hydronium takes the ammonium cation resulting solution is strongly alkaline and is also called a "ammonium hydroxide". This marking is merely trivial and has justified because molecule "NH 4 OH" there. Absence molecules "NH 4 OH" is consistent with the fact that ammonia bucket list is a Bronsted, and not Arrhenius base. Basic character bucket list of ammonia bucket list is not dependent on its ability to bind hydrogen proton H +, rather than generate hydroxide ions OH - in the reaction NH 3 + H 2 O NH 4 + + OH - (as of this reaction react only 4 molecules of ammonia in 1000). Correct identification of aqueous ammonia is thus NH 3 (aq).
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