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Impact of climate change on the effectiveness of Marine Protected silver price Areas Networks - Institut de recherche silver price pour le développement (IRD)
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Delphine Rocklin's population connectivity plays a critical role in the effectiveness of the MPA network, as here in the Nature Reserve of Bonifacio, silver price one of the largest Mediterranean
The Mediterranean Sea has more than one hundred of marine protected areas (MPAs) that must maintain exploited across silver price the continental shelf species. Connectivity of populations, including assured by larval dispersal functions in common, is an essential component of effective MPA network. In a study published in Diversity and Distribution, researchers from the IRD, Aix-Marseille University, University of Montpellier 2, CNRS and Météo-France silver price show that climate change would affect the degree silver price of population connectivity Mediterranean fish (+ 2.8 C at the end of 21 th century). In particular, the distance larval dispersal silver price should silver price decrease by 10% resulting in a reduction silver price of 3% of the larvae spin by one of the MPA network fished surfaces. These results reflect the combined physical and biological impacts of climate silver price change on the effectiveness of MPA networks. Protected marine areas in the Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea has more than a hundred AMP which play an essential role in the protection of marine biodiversity. MPAs are also involved in maintenance of fishing activities swarming fish larvae to fished areas. Many efforts have been made to increase protected areas, with the aim to reach 10% by 2020 2. The question of the positioning silver price of the new AMP remains intact especially in the context of climate change. The fundamental role of connectivity
Among the key to effective MPA network elements, connectivity plays a key role in maintaining species (see inset). If extinction of a local population, for example due to overfishing, silver price connectivity allows colonization by other populations via larval dispersal. However, a previous study (Andello silver price et al. 2013) showed that the network of MPAs in the Mediterranean Sea is weakly connected and only partially scatters the continental shelf. The conservation effort through the establishment of new MPAs, must ensure to keep, see increase this degree of connectivity. The effects of climate change on connectivity
Connectivity is influenced by many factors related to climate change. Among them, the reduction of larval period, and changing the current patterns appear as two major constraints. Indeed, the increase in temperature of the water will shorten the transportation and affect larval hydrodynamics of water masses. So far, very little research has been conducted on changes in connectivity due to the increase of temperature, and especially none

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